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 What is SS7?

 What is SS7?

SS7 is a protocol used to relay information in the form of signals and switching into different telecommunications networks. It is primarily designed for voice and can also be used to transmit data such as text or video. There are three main technologies that make up SS7: Signaling System No. 7 that deals with voice, SSNo. 17 for text, and SSNo. 19 for data transfer over the Internet Protocol (IP). The term "S" denotes which type of technology it deals with; this includes both "signals" and t

It was cold- the blackness behind me had become more of a uniform pain than the sharp, stabbing, tearing pain I had been experiencing for the past few minutes. My arms and legs, around me, were numb and strength was seeping out of them. I didn't know if this was a dream or a nightmare, but it felt very real and I was sure that I would never wake up from this one. I had always known that I was better than my anger, better than my revenge. But I did not expect myself to be such a lousy shot. I had failed miserably, at least in the eyes of everyone watching. Now, lying on the cold concrete, I could feel my life draining out of me. I felt the last flashes of warmth and life leave my body, flowing out of the hole I had created, until it was just a gaping hole.

I could feel my insides loosen and turn to mush. The pain was reaching its final crisis, although it was not ceasing. There was just one instant where no-one could see it. My eyes snapped open. But there was no sight in front of me, just an endless, flat, grayness. I raised my hands and waved them out, trying to search for the people that had to be somewhere around me. The cold didn't bother me, but this time, there was no soothing warmth to warm me, no comforting and familiar voice telling me that I was being superfluous and that I was failing. No- this time, I was the worst mistake.

Finally, I spotted a figure. People were huddling around a lifeless figure of a man. He had been lying on the ground, but was now crawl all over. It was then that I recognised the man's face. I had seen him somewhere before, although I couldn't remember what. The man- the man of my dreams- was still there, somewhere. I had always known that I was better than my anger; why then, had I succumbed to the anger itself? I knew that I was better than my anger.

I tried to move up, to stand to, but my body was too heavy. I was lying on my back and just could not lift up. The man of my dreams had come up to me, He placed a hand on my forehead and I felt a strange tingling sensation. This was the opposite of the pain I had been experiencing, this was the reverse. This was not just numbness anymore, this sensation was a feeling of awakening.

That's when I came to the first revelation. I was not the best person I could be. I could only imagine how many people had been victimised by my actions. This had to stop and I wasn't going to let anyone else commit the same folly that I had committed. I didn't want to be the person whose actions were as a result of his anger. This was the last time I was going to let anger sway my actions. I knew I had to throw myself in the longest, darkest well and sink to the bottom. And then I would rise, as the phoenix I was.

My eyes snapped open and I could see a brilliant white light- a light that was unwavering, like my soul, a light that was pure white, like my bones. I rose to my feet and looked around, taking in the surroundings. I had been reborn. There was a woman standing near me. She was young, slim and regal. She had long, straight black hair that fell to her waist. She had a full body and wore simple, yet elegant, green robes, adorned with some ornaments. The cloth of her robes was stitched with gold that was shining and she had a diadem on her head.

I eyed her up and down. She was extremely beautiful and she was putting me at a loss for words. She was draped in a light green cloak, stepped forward towards me and said, ' Fear not. I am Demeter, goddess of all crops, of the harvest and of fertility. Welcome, Achilles. In this place, you will find peace, happiness, calm and everlasting solace.'

I looked at her in wonder. I felt awe and welcome. This was the woman who was teaching me how to live my life, how to be reborn. I started walking towards her, I was basking in her aura. Was she going to teach me how to help people?

' Welcome.' She said again. She took my left hand and I felt a soft radiance engulf my body. It was exhilarating. It was the finest, purest feeling I had ever felt.

'You will learn how to heal those you have wounded and how to give the ones you love the best of what they deserve.' She said, uttering her wisdom, filling me with a sense of foreboding.

Conclusion

My life was turned upside down and I was on the brink of death. In fact, I had died many times. But I was always pulled back to life, to the reality of the situation. Life is not going to throw you a helping hand, it is going to make you try, to rise above your expectations, to work for those you love, to succeed and to let go of all the things that are holding you back. All the normal ideas people have about life I have realised that these ideas are outdated.he "system.

SS7 is a complex network of signals and switches that plays a vital role in the telecommunications industry. It is used for routing calls between phones and for managing the flow of messages and data between carriers. The SS7 system is made up of different networks such as signaling transfer points (STPs), service switching points (SSPs), mobile switching centers (MSCs), public switch telephone networks (PSTNs) and home location registries (HLRs).

The SS7 technology works through connections with other service providers which let users send messages, deliver calls, or request services from other providers. These connections are established through signaling links that are either voice-enabled or data-only. SS7 is used by providers that wish to minimize the need for manual routing of calls and voice messages. When SS7 is employed, the message does not have to be sent through a traditional circuit-switched network, but can be routed by signaling instead.

The Global Signaling system (GSM) is considered to be one of the most widely deployed systems worldwide for short message services (SMS). It was developed in 1982 and has since been retrofitted into computers and software. GSM provides a unique advantage over other wireless technologies like CDMA (1x or 2x) because it can transmit data at speeds up to 56 kilobits per second (kbps). In Europe, GSM is used for almost all of its landline connections, with few exceptions.

GSM also has a functional SS7 layer which was developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). The SS7 layer handles signaling, call setup and teardown over GSM networks. In the United States, however, a similar standard developed by ANSI/TIA/EIA-41 was adopted instead.

The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an industry standard used to manage networking components such as modems and routers. SNMP uses a client-server model in which a manager device connects to each of its managed devices through SNMP agents. The use of agents means that the devices directly manage their own data transmissions and that users don't need to know the actual addressing of the device they are connecting to.

SNMP is an application layer protocol that communicates across UDP ports 161 and 162. The original version, SNMPv1, was designed to only translate addresses into information on whether a connection has been successful or not. Later versions include additional features that allow for error logging and monitoring.

Another important protocol is SCCP (Skinny Client Control Protocol) which helps control signaling traffic over a network and also maintains a database of communications between phones and switches.

SS7 is a complex network of networks, switches and signaling devices used to manage telephone calls and messages. It is considered as one of the most vital components in the telecommunications industry. It can route calls between any two phones on different networks in order to ensure that the user is able to reach the person they are trying to contact. 

In addition, SS7 can be used for managing messaging between networks and providers.

SS7 was designed in 1975 by Bell Labs as part of an effort for international compatibility between switching technologies. The first service that SS7 was designed for was Trunk Grouping which made it possible for a call being connected to travel through multiple networks before reaching its final destination. In 1983, the first SS7 network was installed in the United States. Over time, SS7 has expanded to include most aspects of managing phone calls and messages and is used by providers who wish to minimize the need for manual routing of calls.

The SS7 infrastructure is made up of three different technologies that form a single network: signaling system 7 (SS7), signaling system 17 (SS17), and signal transmission protocol (STP).

The primary purpose of SS7 is to manage and continue phone calls between different networks. It also allows users to send text messages and transmit data via IP. It can sometimes be referred to as Common Channel Signaling 7 (CCS7).

Signaling system 7 is a collection of protocols that handles phone calls. It was invented by AT&T in 1975 as an effort to minimize the cost and time required for managing national phone numbers. The original protocols used by SS7 date back to the 1960s and included items such as switching, signaling and transmission. In 1983, these protocols were replaced with a series of new ones including call setup, monitoring and path management.

The standard numbering plan identifies a network element to its main trunk group (MPG) or to other MPGs that it shares (MPG sharing). A network element can have an MPG which can share other MPGs with it, or be shared across multiple networks altogether.